shogun
08-19-2011, 09:28 PM
Fault
Brakes pull to one side
Cause
a) Tyre pressure incorrect
b) Unevenly worn tire treads
c) Oil on pads/liners
d) Wrong type of pads/liners
e) Dirty floating caliper recesses
f) Guide bolts dirty or damaged
g) Rear wheel alignment adjusted incorrectly
h) Corrosion in floating calipers or wheel cylinders
i) No shock absorber action
k) Pad of one caliper worn
l) Pad glazed
Remedy
a) Correct tire pressure
b) Change or replace tyres
c) Replace brake linings, check for causes
d) Replace brake linings,check for causes
e) Remove and install/clean floating calipers
f) Replace guide bolts
g) Check wheel alignment
h) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers or wheel cylinders
i) Check shock absorber, replacing if necessary
k) Replace brake linings , Check floating caliper
l) Replace brake linings , Check floating caliper
Fault
Brakes excessively hot while driving
Cause
a) Vent bore in master cylinder clogged
b) No play between push rod and master cylinder piston
c) Swollen rubber parts due to use of wrong brake fluid
d) Vent bore in expansion tank clogged
e) Corroded floating calipers
f) Cross spring broken
g) Handbrake lever not released fully
Remedy
a) Overhaul master brake cylinder,replacing if necessary
b) Adjust push rod (in older cars)
c) Overhaul master brake cylinder,replacing if necessary
d) Clean expansion tank
e) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers
f) Replace cross spring
g) Check handbrake and handbrake cables ,repair if necessary
Fault
Poor braking effect in spite of great force on pedal
Brake-pedal travel normal
Cause
Brake pads oil-splattered or burnt; wrong type of brake pads
Remedy
Replace brake linings
Fault
Poor braking effect in spite of great force on pedal
Brake-pedal travel short
Cause
Brake booster malfunctions - engine vacuum
Remedy
Check brake booster system
- Check engine (valves, cylinder head gasket etc.)
Fault
Poor braking effect in spite of great force on pedal
Brake-pedal travel long
Cause
One brake circuit failed due to leaks or damage
Remedy
Leakage test of brake system
Fault
Brake pedal can be pressed down softly and springily
Cause
a) Air in braking system
b) Insufficient brake fluid in expansion tank - refer to a)
c) Overheated brake fluid - vapour lock due to excessive water content in brake fluid or excessive brake loads
Remedy
a) Top up or change brake fluid
Bleed brakes
b) Top up or change brake fluid
Bleed brakes
c) Top up or change brake fluid
Bleed brakes
Fault
Brake is bled and readjusted, but brake pedal can be pressed down too far
Cause
a) Primary cup in master cylinder damaged
b) Separating cups on floating piston of tandem-brake master cylinder leak
c) Leak in braking system
Remedy
a) Overhaul or replace brake master cylinder
b) Overhaul or replace brake master cylinder
c) Leakage test of brake system
Fault
Uneven pad wear
Cause
a) Wrong type of pads/liners
b) Dirty fist caliper recesses, damaged caps
c) Corrosion in floating calipers or wheel cylinders
d) Swollen rubber ring for piston control
Remedy
a) Replace brake linings
b) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers or wheel cylinders
c) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers or wheel cylinders
d) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers or wheel cylinders
Fault
Brake pads worn at angle
Cause
a) Wheel-bearing play excessive
b) Brake disc not aligned with fist caliper
c) Corrosion in floating calipers or wheel cylinders
d) Angular brake-disc wear
e) Pads worn to less than minimum thickness
f) Spring force insufficient
g) Guide bolts damaged
Remedy
a) Replace wheel bearings
b) Check floating caliper installation
c) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers or wheel cylinders
d) Grind or replace brake discs
e) Replace brake linings
f) Replace spring
g) Replace guide bolts
Fault
Seized brake pads, pad does not move off brake disc
Cause
a) Dirty fist caliper recesses, damaged caps
b) Corrosion in floating calipers
c) Vent bore in master cylinder clogged
Remedy
a) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers
b) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers
c) Overhaul or replace brake master cylinder
Fault
Brakes squeal or rattle
Cause
a) Wrong type of pads/liners
b) Dirty floating caliper recesses
c) Spring force insufficient
d) Brake disc not aligned with fist caliper
e) Brake-disc runout
f) Excessive thickness deviation within braking surface
g) Brake drums eccentric
h) Knocking brake drums
i) Dirt and dust in brake drums
k) Liner wear excessive or one-sided
l) Rust edges on brake discs
m) Pad loose
n) Wheel-bearing play excessive
Remedy
a) Replace brake linings
b) Remove and install/clean floating calipers
c) Replace spring
d) Check floating caliper installation
e) Check brake discs for runout, replacing if necessary
f) Measure brake disc thickness
Grind or replace discs
g) Grind or replace brake drums
h) Grind or replace brake drums
i) Clean and check brake drums
k) Replace brake shoes
l) Grind or replace brake discs
m) Replace brake linings
n) Replace wheel bearings
Fault
Brake-pedal dead travel excessive
Cause
a) Wheel-bearing play excessive
b) Brake disc not aligned with fist caliper
c) Brake-disc runout
d) Excessive thickness deviation within braking surface
e) Brake system leaky
f) Air in braking system
g) Wrong type of pads/liners
h) Automatic slack control of brake shoes does not function
Remedy
a) Replace wheel bearings
b) Check floating caliper installation
c) Check brake discs for runout, replacing if necessary
d) Measure brake disc thickness - Grind or replace discs
e) Leakage test of brake system
f) Bleed brakes
g) Replace brake linings or Replace brake shoes
h) Remove and install brake shoes , repair slack control
Fault
Jammed piston in brake caliper
Cause
a) Dirty fist caliper recesses, damaged caps
b) Brake disc not aligned with fist caliper
c) Corrosion on pistons in floating calipers or wheel cylinders
Remedy
a) Remove and install, repair or replace floating caliper
b) Check floating caliper installation
c) Remove and install, repair or replace floating caliper or wheel cylinder
Fault
Pulsating effect on brake pedal
Cause
) Wheel-bearing play excessive
b) Brake disc not aligned with fist caliper
c) Brake-disc runout
d) Excessive thickness deviation within braking surface
Remedy
a) Replace wheel bearings
b) Check floating caliper installation
c) Replace brake discs
d) Measure brake disc thickness
Grind or replace discs
Fault
Handbrake effect insufficient
Cause
a) Brake shoes oil-splattered
b) Excessive dead travel between brake shoes and brake drums
c) Excessive dead travel in cables
d) Cables adjusted incorrectly
e) Corroded transmitting elements
Remedy
a) Replace brake linings, determine cause
b) Adjusting handbrake
c) Adjusting handbrake
d) Adjusting handbrake
e) Remove and install handbrake and expander locks
Check Bowden cables, replacing if necessary
source: BMW TIS Online Repair Manuals (http://tis.spaghetticoder.org/)
Brakes pull to one side
Cause
a) Tyre pressure incorrect
b) Unevenly worn tire treads
c) Oil on pads/liners
d) Wrong type of pads/liners
e) Dirty floating caliper recesses
f) Guide bolts dirty or damaged
g) Rear wheel alignment adjusted incorrectly
h) Corrosion in floating calipers or wheel cylinders
i) No shock absorber action
k) Pad of one caliper worn
l) Pad glazed
Remedy
a) Correct tire pressure
b) Change or replace tyres
c) Replace brake linings, check for causes
d) Replace brake linings,check for causes
e) Remove and install/clean floating calipers
f) Replace guide bolts
g) Check wheel alignment
h) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers or wheel cylinders
i) Check shock absorber, replacing if necessary
k) Replace brake linings , Check floating caliper
l) Replace brake linings , Check floating caliper
Fault
Brakes excessively hot while driving
Cause
a) Vent bore in master cylinder clogged
b) No play between push rod and master cylinder piston
c) Swollen rubber parts due to use of wrong brake fluid
d) Vent bore in expansion tank clogged
e) Corroded floating calipers
f) Cross spring broken
g) Handbrake lever not released fully
Remedy
a) Overhaul master brake cylinder,replacing if necessary
b) Adjust push rod (in older cars)
c) Overhaul master brake cylinder,replacing if necessary
d) Clean expansion tank
e) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers
f) Replace cross spring
g) Check handbrake and handbrake cables ,repair if necessary
Fault
Poor braking effect in spite of great force on pedal
Brake-pedal travel normal
Cause
Brake pads oil-splattered or burnt; wrong type of brake pads
Remedy
Replace brake linings
Fault
Poor braking effect in spite of great force on pedal
Brake-pedal travel short
Cause
Brake booster malfunctions - engine vacuum
Remedy
Check brake booster system
- Check engine (valves, cylinder head gasket etc.)
Fault
Poor braking effect in spite of great force on pedal
Brake-pedal travel long
Cause
One brake circuit failed due to leaks or damage
Remedy
Leakage test of brake system
Fault
Brake pedal can be pressed down softly and springily
Cause
a) Air in braking system
b) Insufficient brake fluid in expansion tank - refer to a)
c) Overheated brake fluid - vapour lock due to excessive water content in brake fluid or excessive brake loads
Remedy
a) Top up or change brake fluid
Bleed brakes
b) Top up or change brake fluid
Bleed brakes
c) Top up or change brake fluid
Bleed brakes
Fault
Brake is bled and readjusted, but brake pedal can be pressed down too far
Cause
a) Primary cup in master cylinder damaged
b) Separating cups on floating piston of tandem-brake master cylinder leak
c) Leak in braking system
Remedy
a) Overhaul or replace brake master cylinder
b) Overhaul or replace brake master cylinder
c) Leakage test of brake system
Fault
Uneven pad wear
Cause
a) Wrong type of pads/liners
b) Dirty fist caliper recesses, damaged caps
c) Corrosion in floating calipers or wheel cylinders
d) Swollen rubber ring for piston control
Remedy
a) Replace brake linings
b) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers or wheel cylinders
c) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers or wheel cylinders
d) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers or wheel cylinders
Fault
Brake pads worn at angle
Cause
a) Wheel-bearing play excessive
b) Brake disc not aligned with fist caliper
c) Corrosion in floating calipers or wheel cylinders
d) Angular brake-disc wear
e) Pads worn to less than minimum thickness
f) Spring force insufficient
g) Guide bolts damaged
Remedy
a) Replace wheel bearings
b) Check floating caliper installation
c) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers or wheel cylinders
d) Grind or replace brake discs
e) Replace brake linings
f) Replace spring
g) Replace guide bolts
Fault
Seized brake pads, pad does not move off brake disc
Cause
a) Dirty fist caliper recesses, damaged caps
b) Corrosion in floating calipers
c) Vent bore in master cylinder clogged
Remedy
a) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers
b) Remove and install, repair or replace floating calipers
c) Overhaul or replace brake master cylinder
Fault
Brakes squeal or rattle
Cause
a) Wrong type of pads/liners
b) Dirty floating caliper recesses
c) Spring force insufficient
d) Brake disc not aligned with fist caliper
e) Brake-disc runout
f) Excessive thickness deviation within braking surface
g) Brake drums eccentric
h) Knocking brake drums
i) Dirt and dust in brake drums
k) Liner wear excessive or one-sided
l) Rust edges on brake discs
m) Pad loose
n) Wheel-bearing play excessive
Remedy
a) Replace brake linings
b) Remove and install/clean floating calipers
c) Replace spring
d) Check floating caliper installation
e) Check brake discs for runout, replacing if necessary
f) Measure brake disc thickness
Grind or replace discs
g) Grind or replace brake drums
h) Grind or replace brake drums
i) Clean and check brake drums
k) Replace brake shoes
l) Grind or replace brake discs
m) Replace brake linings
n) Replace wheel bearings
Fault
Brake-pedal dead travel excessive
Cause
a) Wheel-bearing play excessive
b) Brake disc not aligned with fist caliper
c) Brake-disc runout
d) Excessive thickness deviation within braking surface
e) Brake system leaky
f) Air in braking system
g) Wrong type of pads/liners
h) Automatic slack control of brake shoes does not function
Remedy
a) Replace wheel bearings
b) Check floating caliper installation
c) Check brake discs for runout, replacing if necessary
d) Measure brake disc thickness - Grind or replace discs
e) Leakage test of brake system
f) Bleed brakes
g) Replace brake linings or Replace brake shoes
h) Remove and install brake shoes , repair slack control
Fault
Jammed piston in brake caliper
Cause
a) Dirty fist caliper recesses, damaged caps
b) Brake disc not aligned with fist caliper
c) Corrosion on pistons in floating calipers or wheel cylinders
Remedy
a) Remove and install, repair or replace floating caliper
b) Check floating caliper installation
c) Remove and install, repair or replace floating caliper or wheel cylinder
Fault
Pulsating effect on brake pedal
Cause
) Wheel-bearing play excessive
b) Brake disc not aligned with fist caliper
c) Brake-disc runout
d) Excessive thickness deviation within braking surface
Remedy
a) Replace wheel bearings
b) Check floating caliper installation
c) Replace brake discs
d) Measure brake disc thickness
Grind or replace discs
Fault
Handbrake effect insufficient
Cause
a) Brake shoes oil-splattered
b) Excessive dead travel between brake shoes and brake drums
c) Excessive dead travel in cables
d) Cables adjusted incorrectly
e) Corroded transmitting elements
Remedy
a) Replace brake linings, determine cause
b) Adjusting handbrake
c) Adjusting handbrake
d) Adjusting handbrake
e) Remove and install handbrake and expander locks
Check Bowden cables, replacing if necessary
source: BMW TIS Online Repair Manuals (http://tis.spaghetticoder.org/)